What is TRP 10,000?
The TRP 10,000 study examines a range of possible determinants of membership retention in a sample of members of different ages and genders, with a range of experiences of health club membership, and at different stages of their membership. A total of 10,062 members aged 16–84 years, from nearly 200 clubs, completed an online survey between July and September 2013. They answered a wide range of questions covering everything from why they joined, how the club communicates with them, how they use their club, their club experiences, their motives and recent progress. Retention rates were calculated from the questionnaire completion date to the end of January 2014.

Why do people join?
Members cited convenience from home and work, price and opening times as the primary reasons for selecting their current club. Less common reasons given for club selection were type of equipment available and class availability. Only one in 20 members chose their current club because they trusted the brand.

What do they do when they come to the club?
Three-quarters of members stated that their main reason for attending their club was to work out in the gym. Four in 10 attended mainly to do an exercise class, and of those, 74 per cent were female. Just under half of the members attended for a single activity, while a third usually did two activities (typically gym and class). Younger members, those new to the club, or those with a history of multiple club membership were most likely to attend for the gym only.

The risk of cancelling during the seven months of follow-up was 56 per cent higher among gym-only members compared to members who did classes only or who combined gym and classes. This equates to an extra 10 cancelled memberships each month for every 1,000 members.

How do we communicate with them, and what do they value?
The most common forms of member communication are face-to-face via reception or gym staff and through email correspondence. Phone calls, SMS and social media interactions were reported by fewer than 10 per cent of members.

However, fewer than half of members said reception staff spoke to them during their last visit, and only 37 per cent said fitness staff did – this in spite of the fact that nearly 90 per cent of members say they value fitness staff speaking to them.

For all types of communication, only a small proportion of members are receiving the type of communication they say they value, suggesting a lot of unmet demand. In the meantime, around a third of members said they were receiving emails they did not value, indicating that communication strategies need to be better matched to members’ preferences.

Only face-to-face communication was associated with member retention: over 90 per cent of members who reported they regularly received both reception and fitness staff communication retained their membership for the whole of the follow-up period, compared to 80 per cent of members who reported no face-to-face communication.

What are members motivated by, and do they progress?
Nearly six out of 10 members reported being equally motivated to exercise for fitness, appearance, enjoyment and social (friendship) outcomes. Appearance motivation was mainly restricted to younger females, with more males than females being motivated by enjoyment and friendship. Overall, motivation was higher among more frequent club users and younger rather than older members.

Most members reported making at least some progress in the last three months, with feeling fitter and enjoying exercise the most frequently reported measures of progress. Around half of members reported losing weight, with just over a third reporting making a new friend.

Making any progress versus none was associated with better retention, but the most important measure of progress was friendship. Compared to members who did not make a friend, those who did were 40 per cent less likely to cancel their membership.

When all the measures of progress were considered together, making a friend and attending the club as planned were the most important factors. Improved appearance, having more energy and feeling fitter were not related to the risk of cancelling at all. More important was whether members perceived they had made progress on the things they said motivated them to exercise; failure to do so was associated with a considerable increase in the risk of cancelling.

Members who are motivated by the enjoyment of exercise, but who did not find it enjoyable, were 2.3 times more likely to cancel than members who did find it enjoyable, even though they were not motivated by enjoyment. Failure to make progress in fitness and appearance when motivated by these two factors was also associated with an increase in cancellations. Strikingly, members who said they were motivated by appearance, and who perceived improved appearance, still had a higher cancellation rate than members who were not motivated by appearance and did not perceive it had improved.

The findings suggest that failing to achieve one’s goals significantly increases the risk of cancelling, while prioritising fun and friendship over fitness and thinness would lead to higher levels of retention.

Club experiences, both good and bad
Around 45 per cent of members report experiencing ‘hassles’ during their club visits, with just over half of members reporting positive uplifting experiences.

The most commonly reported hassle is not being spoken to by reception or fitness staff. Although less commonly reported (fewer than 15 per cent of members), the most annoying hassles members report are queuing for equipment, cancelled classes, broken down equipment, unclean changing facilities and no parking space.

By contrast, the things members say are most uplifting about their visits are completing a challenging workout, achieving fitness goals, and interaction with reception and fitness staff.

Of all the hassles that members find annoying, just three significantly increase the risk of cancelling: fitness staff not speaking, reception staff not speaking, and queuing for equipment. Members who frequently have to queue for equipment and are not spoken to by fitness staff are more than twice as likely to cancel as members who do not have to queue for equipment and who regularly interact with fitness staff.

Positive uplifts that reduce the risk of cancelling are interaction with reception and fitness staff, along with making new friends at the gym. For every 1,000 members, 16 fewer cancel every month if reception and fitness staff speak to them regularly and they make a friend, compared to members who do not report this – representing a 53 per cent reduction in the risk of cancellation.